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With many Australians exposed to smoke haze resulting from blazes burning across the country, the is urging those with conditions such as heart failure, and those aged 65 years and over, to be aware of the risks to their health and the need to protect themselves.

The Heart Foundation鈥檚 Chief Medical Adviser, cardiologist Professor Garry Jennings, said bushfire smoke contains harmful gases such as carbon monoxide and very small particles that can penetrate deep into the lungs.

Professor Jennings said if smoke particles cross from the lungs into the bloodstream, they can contribute to inflammation and narrowing of blood vessels 鈥� as well as increasing the chance of blood clots 鈥� in vulnerable people. This can worsen pre-existing conditions such as heart failure and high blood pressure, and can trigger events such as heart attacks.

鈥淚f you have a condition such as heart failure, we urge you to try to minimise your exposure to bushfire smoke and pollutants,鈥� Professor Jennings said.

鈥淎ustralians at a higher risk should stay indoors where possible and safe, and close their windows and doors to minimise smoke in the home. If you have air conditioning, switch it to recycle or recirculate to help filter particles from indoor air, and avoid being outdoors while smoke is in the area.

鈥淚n line with health department advice, we recommend that our cancel any planned outdoor walks if they are in smoke or fire-affected areas, especially if the air quality is very poor or hazardous.

鈥淏ushfire smoke may cause or aggravate symptoms such as chest pain and shortness of breath. It鈥檚 important to stay inside where possible, keep your medicines close at hand and follow the advice of your doctor.鈥�

Professor Jennings said Australia is likely facing similar risks to those experienced by people exposed to the Californian bushfires in 2015.

鈥淭he Californian bushfires were linked with increased visits to emergency departments for heart events and conditions including heart attacks, heart failure and high blood pressure,鈥� he said.

鈥淔riends, relatives and carers should be extra watchful and check in regularly. If you are worried about your symptoms, see your doctor or call the healthdirect helpline on 1800 022 222.

鈥淢ost importantly, If you are having trouble breathing, or experience chest pain or tightness, you should seek immediate medical help by calling Triple Zero (000).鈥�

To monitor bushfire smoke conditions and advice, the Heart Foundation advises people to visit the website of their state or territory health department or emergency services agency.

Image credit: 漏stock.adobe.com/au/Konstantin Yuganov