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Antibiotics must be used at the right time, in the right dose, for the right length of time, and for the right reason. These are among the important messages in Antibiotic Awareness Week 2015.
Endorsed by the World Health Organization, the theme of World Antibiotic Awareness Week (16-22 November) is 鈥淎ntibiotics: handle with care,鈥� to spread the message that antibiotics must be used with care to minimise the risk of antibiotic resistance, which is associated with their misuse.
The event aims to extend awareness of the important and growing public health issue of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
The Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care (the Commission) is collaborating with other organisations on Antibiotic Awareness Week as part of a continuing drive to encourage the appropriate prescribing and use of antibiotics.
鈥淲e need to think about how we use antibiotics, and remember that antibiotics aren鈥檛 always appropriate when patients are unwell,鈥� said the Commission鈥檚 Senior Medical Advisor Professor John Turnidge.
The underuse, overuse and misuse of antibiotics has increased the development of antibiotic?resistant bacteria, and is a growing public health concern worldwide.
鈥淲e face a very real problem of potentially being unable to treat infections because antibiotics become ineffective, if action is not taken now to address the global threat of antibiotic resistance,鈥� said Professor Turnidge.
The Commission has undertaken a number of actions to ensure antibiotics are being used appropriately in Australia, including the Antimicrobial Stewardship Clinical Care Standard, released in 2014, which outlines the principles of safe antibiotic prescribing.
鈥淭he Commission has developed the Clinical Care Standard to provide guidance to clinicians and health service managers to help ensure optimal treatment for patients who require antibiotics for a bacterial infection,鈥� said Professor Turnidge.
Standard 3 of the Commission鈥檚 National Safety and Quality Health Service (NSQHS) Standards 鈥淧reventing and Controlling Healthcare Associated Infection,鈥� requires all healthcare services to undertake monitoring of antibiotic usage and resistance, along with other antimicrobials.
鈥淎ll public and private hospitals in Australia have implemented the NSQHS Standards, and under Standard 3, are being encouraged to take action to improve antimicrobial prescribing practices,鈥� said Professor Turnidge.
Through the Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Australia (AURA) Project, the Commission is establishing an antimicrobial use and resistance surveillance system, which will enable a better understanding of antimicrobial resistance to inform action for prevention and containment of AMR.
As part of the AURA Project, the Commission partners with the National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship to fund the National Antimicrobial Prescribing Survey (NAPS), which enables hospitals to collect and analyse data on use of antibiotics and other antimicrobials, to identify areas for improvement.
鈥淭he 2014 NAPS report showed that about a quarter (24.3 per cent) of the 19,944 prescriptions surveyed were non-compliant with guidelines, and around the same proportion were deemed to be inappropriate,鈥� said Professor Turnidge. 鈥淭here are a number of areas where significant improvements in the prescribing of antimicrobials in hospitals can be made, including surgical prophylaxis.鈥�